Tinctura Cinchonae. U. S., Br. Tincture of Cinchona. Tr. Cinch. Tinctura Cinchonae Composita. Compound Tincture of Cinchona.
Related entries: Cinchona
"One hundred mils of Tincture of Cinchona yields not less than 0.8 Gm. nor more than 1 Gm. of the alkaloids of cinchona." U. S. "Tincture of Cinchona contains in 100 millilitres 1 gramme of the alkaloids of Red Cinchona Bark." Br.
Tinctura Cinchonae Flavae; Tincture of Yellow Cinchona; Tincture of Peruvian Bark; Teinture (alcoole) de Quinquina jaune, Fr. Cod.; Tinctura Chinae, P. G.; Chinatinktur, G.; Tintura di china, It.
"Cinchona, in No. 40 powder, two hundred grammes [or 7 ounces av., 24 grains]; to make about one thousand mils [or 33 fluidounces, 6 ½ fluidrachms]. Prepare a Tincture by Type Process P, as modified for assayed tinctures, using as the first menstruum a mixture of seventy-five mils [or 2 fluidounces, 257 minims] of glycerin, six hundred and seventy-five mils (or 22 fluidounces, 396 minims] of alcohol, and two hundred and fifty mils [or 8 fluidounces, 218 minims] of water and completing the percolation with a mixture of two volumes of alcohol and one volume of water. Then adjust the volume of the finished Tincture so that each one hundred mils contains 0.9 Gm. of the alkaloids of cinchona." U. S.
"Red Cinchona Bark, in No. 40 powder, 200 grammes; Alcohol (70 per cent.), a sufficient quantity. Moisten the powder with two hundred millilitres of the Alcohol; set aside for seven days in a closed vessel; percolate with more of the Alcohol, until seven hundred millilitres of percolate have been collected; press the marc; add the expressed liquid to the percolate; set aside for twenty-four hours; filter.
"Take ten millilitres of the strong tincture so prepared, and determine the proportion of alkaloids contained in it by the process described under 'Extractum Cinchona Liquidum'. Add to the bulk of the strong tincture such a quantity of the Alcohol that 100 millilitres of the resulting Tincture contain 1 gramme of the alkaloids of Red Cinchona Bark. Examined by the process described under 'Extractum Cinchonas Liquidum' Tincture of Cinchona is found to contain in 100 millilitres 1 gramme of the alkaloids of Red Cinchona Bark. Limit of error 0.05 gramme in excess or defect." Br.
This tincture is very properly made with a large proportion of bark, as in the bitter tinctures it is important that the alcohol should bear as small a proportion to the tonic principle as possible. Even when strongest, however, it cannot, in ordinary cases, be given in doses sufficiently large to obtain the full effect of the bark, without stimulating too highly. The tincture of the Br. Pharm. 1898 and 1914 is now made from 70 per cent. alcohol instead of the old menstruum 50 per cent., and is assayed so that it has a definite strength (100 mils containing 1 Gm. of alkaloids); these are undoubted improvements. A deposit is apt to form in the tincture when kept, consisting chiefly of cinchonic red holding probably a portion of the alkaloids in combination. This was found by J. Adams to be perfectly dissolved by heat, though it uniformly reappeared on the cooling of the tincture. The addition of diluted sulphuric acid did not cause its solution, and, even though it was removed by filtering the tincture, the deposition was afterwards renewed. (P. J., April, 1868, 470.) In reference to a mode of obviating in some measure this tendency to deposition, the reader is referred to the statements of M. Vauflart on the subject of deposition in the tinctures prepared by percolation. A. B. Taylor, in experimenting on this subject, prepared a tincture in which the menstruum consisted of two parts of alcohol, one part of water, and one part of glycerin, and which was kept three months without undergoing deposition. (A. J. P., Jan. 1865, 50.) This suggested the addition of glycerin to the official formula, and there can be no doubt that the tincture has been thereby improved, experience having demonstrated the utility of glycerin in liquid preparations of cinchona. Tincture of cinchona is rarely employed, but may be used as a tonic.
Dose, from one to two fluidrachms (3.75-7.5 mils).
Off. Prep.—Tinctura Cinchonae Composita, Br.
Tinctura Cinchonae Composita. U. S., Br.
Compound Tincture of Cinchona. Tr. Cinch. Co.
"One hundred mils of Compound Tincture of Cinchona yields not less than 0.4 Gm. nor more than 0.5 Gm. of the alkaloids of cinchona." U. S. "Compound Tincture of Cinchona contains in 100 millilitres 0.5 gramme of the alkaloids of Red Cinchona Bark." Br.
Compound Tincture of Peruvian Bark; Huxham's Tincture of Bark; Teinture de Quinquina composee, Elixir febrifuge d'Huxam, Fr.; Tinctura Chinas Composita,P. G.; Zusammengesetzte Chinatinktur, G.
"Red Cinchona, in No. 40 powder, one hundred grammes [or 3 ounces av., 231 grains]; Bitter Orange Peel, in No. 40 powder, eighty grammes [or 2 ounces av., 360 grains]; Serpentaria, in No. 60 powder, twenty grammes [or 308.6 grains], to make about one thousand mils [or 33 fluidounces, 6 ½ fluidrachms]. Prepare a Tincture by Type Process P, as modified for assayed tinctures, using as the first menstruum a mixture of seventy-five mils [or 2 fluidounces, 257 minims] of glycerin, six hundred and seventy-five mils [or 22 fluidounces, 396 minims] of alcohol and two hundred and fifty mils [or 8 fluidounces, 218 minims] of water and completing the percolation with a mixture of two volumes of alcohol and one volume of water. Then adjust the volume of the finished Tincture so that each one hundred mils contains 0.45 Gm. of the alkaloids of cinchona." U. S.
"Dried Bitter-Orange Peel, bruised, 50 grammes; Serpentary Rhizome, in No. 40 powder, 25 grammes; Cochineal, in powder, 3 grammes; Tincture of Cinchona, 500 millilitres; Alcohol (70 per cent.), sufficient to produce 1000 millilitres. Mix the solid ingredients with five hundred millilitres of the Alcohol; set aside in a closed vessel for seven days, shaking frequently; strain, and then press; mix the two liquids thus obtained; add the Tincture of Cinchona, and sufficient of the Alcohol to produce the required volume; set aside for twenty-four hours; filter. Examined by the process described under Extractum Cinchona Liquidum, Compound Tincture of Cinchona is found to contain in 100 millilitres 0.5 gramme of the alkaloids of Red Cinchona Bark. Limit of error 0.05 gramme in excess or defect." Br.
This is the preparation commonly known by the name of Huxham's tincture of bark. It differs from that official in the U. S. P., 1890, only in the alcoholic strength of the menstruum, which is now about in the proportion of 2.7 volumes of alcohol to 1 volume of water; it was formerly 3 volumes of alcohol to 1 volume of water. The use of glycerin is an improvement, precipitation being thus largely prevented. In the U. S. P. VIII the drugs are not directed in the powdered state, the intention being to mix the drugs together and then to reduce the mixture to a uniform powder; in this way the volatile principles in the Serpentaria and Orange Peel are retained, and thorough exhaustion by percolation is secured. In the U. S. P. IX this principle was omitted probably on account of the difficulty of its execution. The process for the British tincture (1898) presents some novel features. Half of the quantity of the tincture is first made from four of the ingredients; this is then mixed with an equal bulk of tincture of cinchona. The reason for this was probably to avoid assaying a mixed product during the process; but the final test has to deal with the finished tincture, and the utility of the whole method is doubtful. Compound tincture of cinchona is an excellent bitter tonic, useful for its local effect on the stomach but too feeble in the principles of cinchona to serve when the systemic action of the drug is required.
Dose, one to two fluidrachms (3.75-7.5 mils).
Off Prep.—Gargarisma Guaiaci Composita, N. F.
